The first key of designing tunnel lighting—brightness

Highway tunnel lighting has its own characteristics, which is different from ordinary road lighting. the design of the following points should needed to be considered and paid attention to:

1.the road should have a certain level of brightness

2 the tunnel wall should have a certain level of brightness

3 design speed, traffic volume, route alignment, and many other factors

4 Considering the driving safety and comfort and other aspects to determine the level of illumination

5 human visual adaptability, especially the tunnel entrance and outlet sections, etc.

6 the tunnel needs lighting daytime, but the problems of lighting during the day is more complicated than at night.

How to achieve energy savings and improve lighting effects and ensure traffic safety and comfort in the tunnel lighting is usually available from the following aspects to be considered:

(1) Brightness

As the brightness of the day is much higher than outside, therefore when the driver drove into the tunnel, there is a certain visual adaptation time before you can see the situation inside the tunnel, a phenomenon called "adaptive hysteresis," if there is no proper transition, it will produce a black hole phenomenon, so that the driver temporarily lost normal visual function, which will bring to certain security risks. Black hole phenomenon is not only occurring before entering the tunnel vision problems, but also the tunnel lighting is the most important issue. The tunnel lighting is usually divided into the entrance tunnel lighting, interior lighting and exit lighting. Wherein the brightness of tunnel entrance lighting at daytime is determined by the brightness outside the tunnel, the speed, the view of the entrance field and the length of the tunnel. Threshold section is to eliminate the "black hole" phenomenon, the illumination levels of the transition section further gradually decreased so as to provide the driver with visual dark adaptation time.

(2) brightness uniformity

Good visual function not only requires a good average brightness, but average luminance on the road is not much different with the minimum brightness. If the brightness of the view field is too large different, bright parts will form a glare source, and the light and dark will bring some changes in stroboscopic effect, thereby affecting vision, human visual effect will be significantly worse, while the visual fatigue will increase.

Overall brightness uniformity U0 is the minimum brightness and the average ratio of brightness on the road inside the tunnel section, vertical uniformity axis U1 is the smallest brightness and maximum surface brightness ratio in the driveway surface. If the road surface continuously, repeatedly emerges bright bands and dark bands, namely "zebra effect", the users travelling in this lane road will feel very irritable. This issue relates to human psychology, but it can also endanger road safety, the longitudinal uniformity is mainly used to evaluate the "zebra" effect size.

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